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Chinese herbal medicine

Chinese medicinal materials refer to the medicinal parts of medicinal plants and animals, and the raw medicinal materials formed after primary processing after harvesting.

GACC registration conditions for overseas manufacturers of imported foods are as follows: 

1. The food safety management system of the country/region where the manufacturer is located has passed GACC's equivalence assessment and/or review; 

2. The manufacturer was established with approval by the competent authority of the country/region, and the manufacturer is under effective regulation by the competent authority; 

3. The manufacturer has an established, effective food safety and sanitation management system and protection system, legally produces and exports food in the country/region, and ensures that foods exported to China comply with relevant Chinese laws, regulations, and national food safety standards; 

4. Food exporting to China conforms with relevant inspection and quarantine requirements that have been agreed upon after discussion by the GACC and the competent authorities of the country/region.

Special reminders

The quarantine access of imported herbal medicines and the registration of overseas production enterprises have been adjusted to the new department and group of experts of the General Administration of Customs, and no longer refer to the "Catalogue of Food Products Imported to China from Countries or Regions Meeting the Requirements for Assessment and Review and Has Traditional Trade with China" The herbal medicine module of the catalog has recently been taken offline, and the new data must be referred to determine the quarantine access status, the enterprise registration conditions, procedures and required materials for specific herbal medicines. It should be emphasized that this is a brand new change and the fragmented information on the internet is almost all stuck in the old mode. It is recommended to communicate with us for confirmation before implementation to get straightforward and correct guidelines so as not to be misled by the complicated information.

 

Access steps for overseas Chinese herbal medicine manufacturers:

  • 01

    Overseas manufacturers should fully understand the requirements of the laws and regulations of the exporting country or region, the mandatory requirements of China's national technical specifications, and the inspection and quarantine requirements.

  • 02

    Submit an application to the local competent authority of the exporting country or region;

  • 03

    The relevant laws and regulations on animal and plant epidemics, veterinary health, public health, plant protection, enterprise registration management, etc. in the country or region where you are located, and the written information on the establishment and personnel of the competent authority in the country or region, and the implementation of laws and regulations, etc.

  • 04

    List of overseas production enterprises applying for registration;

  • 05

    The assessment conclusion conducted by the competent authority of the country or region where the companies are recommended of the actual situation of epidemic prevention and hygiene control;

  • 06

    A statement by the competent authority of the country or region where the overseas producers it recommends meets the requirements of Chinese laws and regulations;

  • 07

    Enterprise registration application, floor plan, process flow chart, animal or phytosanitary prevention and control system documents of plant, workshop and warehouse, photos of epidemic prevention and disinfection treatment facilities, photos of waste and packaging harmless treatment facilities, etc.

  • 08

    After the General Administration of Chinese Customs(GACC) has received the recommended materials and passed the written examination, after consultation with the competent authority of the exporting country or region, GACC may send personnel to the exporting country or region to evaluate its supervision system, and carry out the evaluation of the overseas production enterprises. After inspection, the applicant enterprises that meet the requirements shall be registered.

  • 09

    The General Administration of Chinese Customs(GACC) releases the list and updates the catalog at the same time.

Our assistance:

1. Assist in sorting out the requirements of the laws and regulations of the exporting country or region, the mandatory requirements of China's national technical specifications, and the inspection and quarantine requirements.

2. Assist the overseas enterprise to review the registration elements, complete the self-assessment, and provide continuous improvement plans according to the assessment results, so as to meet the registration conditions and the mandatory requirements of the Chinese technical specifications. Assist in sorting, screening, editing, and translating the required materials, so that the application materials meet the integrity, authenticity and validity requirements.

3. Assist in completing all application materials, fill in the application form and submit the application to the competent authority.

4. Follow up the application flow of competent authorities, embassies and GACC.
5. Materials correction, when the written materials do not meet the registration requirements, assist the enterprise to complete the interpretation, sorting, screening, editing, translation, calibration and other standards and laws and regulations of the required materials within the specified time.

6. Acceptance by Chinese Customs and follow-up and communication of technical review by expert group, preparation and coordination before on-site review or video review.
7. Assist in successful access and follow up on the use of registration data for customs clearance, and respond immediately if there are any problems.
8. Other enterprise access and follow-up related support.

The import of traditional Chinese medicinal materials involves the quarantine access system and designated customs clearance ports, as well as the registration of overseas enterprises (applicable to animal derived Chinese medicinal materials or follow the new protocol requirements), quarantine license approval (applicable to animal derived Chinese medicinal materials),  certification of the medicinal material importer, import medicinal materials approval documents or records (judged with the first or non-first import), designated enterprises for processing and storage (applicable to animal derived Chinese medicinal materials), etc., The measures are as follows:

 

1. Quarantine access

As required, animal derived traditional Chinese medicinal materials require overseas enterprise to register, however, the import of plant-based Chinese medicinal materials generally does not require the overseas enterprises to register (if the plant-based Chinese medicinal materials have traditional trade records before, the registration of overseas enterprises is not required. For newly applied varieties, registration shall be made by the overseas enterprises if it's needed according to the requirements of both parties' protocols.) For details, please check the List of Approved Imported Chinese Medicinal Materials and Exporting Countries and Regions in the customs website. From November 2022, the work including the quarantine access and registration of overseas enterprises for animal and plant derived Chinese medicinal materials with high quarantine risks shall be responsible by the new department of the General Administration of Customs. The “List of Countries and Regions That Export Food to China and Meet the Evaluation and Review Requirements and Have Traditional Tradition” shall not be referred. The Chinese medicinal materials module in this catalog has recently been offline, and new data must be used to determine the specific quarantine access status, enterprise registration conditions, procedures, and required information of the Chinese medicinal materials. It should be emphasized that this is a completely new change, and almost all fragmented information on the internet remains in the old mode. It is recommended to communicate and confirm with us before implementation to obtain direct and correct guidance to avoid being misled by complex information.

The risk assessment and review on the equivalence of the regulatory system for traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the country (region) of origin conducted by General Administration of Customs:

(1) Sort out the relevant laws and regulations on animal and plant epidemics, veterinary hygiene, public health, plant protection, enterprise registration management, etc. in the country or region of origin, as well as written materials on the establishment and personnel situation of the competent department in the country or region of origin, as well as the implementation of laws and regulations;

(2) Application. The intended exporting country (region) shall submit an application to the General Administration of Customs for export to China in written. The General Administration of Customs initiates the admission process and provides a risk assessment questionnaire to the intended exporting country;

(3) Organize evaluation. The intended exporting country will reply based on the questionnaire, provide relevant technical information, and the General Administration of Customs will conduct a risk assessment. As required, an expert team will be dispatched to visit overseas for investigation;

(4) The General Administration of Customs shall negotiate with the competent authorities of the exporting country or region to determine the quarantine requirements for exporting Chinese medicinal materials to China based on risk analysis and evaluation review results, sign relevant protocols, and determine quarantine certificates;

(5) Enterprises shall register in the General Administration of Customs according to the specific requirements of the protocol, and the General Administration of Customs shall publish a list of products of the countries or regions that meet the evaluation and review requirements;

 

2. Registration of overseas enterprises

According to the results of risk analysis, the General Administration of Customs shall determine the varieties list of medicinal materials that need overseas registration and implement dynamic adjustment. The General Administration of Customs shall implement registration for overseas manufacturers that export medicinal materials to China and need overseas registration, and the registration shall be valid for four years. If the access status of the plant derived Chinese medicinal materials is “normal”, the enterprises of this country do not need access registration; if the access status is “allowed to import from registered enterprises”, access registration is required (such as saffron of Greece and Afghan, tuckahoe and blood creeper from Laos, Licorice from Uzbekistan, which have obtained access in the past two years). If the country is not indicated, the General Administration of Customs shall carry out product risk analysis and evaluation of the supervision system on the countries or regions exporting Chinese medicinal materials to China for the first time. After the negotiation on the inspection and quarantine requirements of both parties, a protocol shall be signed. The registration of overseas production enterprises will be implemented according to the specific requirements of the protocol.

 

3. Quarantine approval

For the imported Chinese medicinal materials need to conduct quarantine approval for imported animals and plants, the owners or their agent should apply for the Quarantine Permit for Imported Animals and Plants through “Internet plus + Customs” in accordance with the provisions of Administrative Measures for the Quarantine Approval of Imported Animals and Plants before signing the trade contract. Animal derived Chinese medicinal materials need quarantine approval, According to Announcement No. 77 of 2024 of the General Administration of Customs (Announcement on Cancelling the Entry Quarantine Approval of Some Animal and Plant Products), the plant-derived Chinese medicinal materials in the following table do not need to apply for an entry animal and plant quarantine license:

HS Codes Product Name CIQ Codes
1211903999 Other fresh, cold, frozen or dried plants (including certain parts of them, whether cut, crushed or ground into powder) mainly used as medicinal materials (Medicinal Smilax) 1211903999142
1211903999 Other fresh, cold, frozen or dried plants (including certain parts of them, whether cut, crushed or ground into powder) mainly used as medicines (SPATHOLOBCAULIS) 1211903999315

 

4. Customs clearance form for imported medicinal materials or Permission of imported medicinal materials

The medicinal materials imported for the first time shall be registered in the drug regulatory department at the port after obtaining the permission for import of medicinal materials in accordance with the provisions; The medicinal materials imported for the first time refer to the imported medicinal materials of different countries (regions), different applicants and different origins. For the Chinese medicinal materials in the List of non-First Imported Medicinal Materials, online registration from the port drug supervision and administration department can be made directly obtain Customs clearance form for imported medicinal materials without the permission of imported medicinal materials. If the Chinese medicinal material is listed as an endangered species (Appendix to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), it also needs the National Forestry and Grassland Administration to issue an “administrative licensing decision allowing the import of wildlife products”. For the first time of importing medicinal materials, the applicant shall fill in the application form for import of medicinal materials through the information system of the State Drug Administration, and submit the following information to the local provincial drug regulatory department:

(1) Application form for import of medicinal materials;

(2) Copies of drug production license or license for pharmaceutical trading of the applicant, and if the applicant is the holder of the marketing authorization for Chinese patent medicines, copies of relevant drug approval documents shall be provided;

(3) Copies of the exporter’s principal registration certificate;

(4) Copies of the purchase contract and its notarial documents;

(5) Ecological environment, resource reserves, wild or cultivated situation, information on harvesting and primary processing of origin in the place of origin of medicinal materials;

(6) Standards and standard sources of medicinal materials;

(7) The original copy of the medicinal materials identification of origin, recording identification conclusion, sample picture, authenticator, authenticate organization and its seal, issued by the institution with the qualification of plant base identification in China.

 

5. Importer qualification

The importer of medicinal materials shall be the holder of the marketing approval for Chinese patent medicines, traditional Chinese medicine manufacturer, as well as pharmaceutical trading enterprises with the business of Chinese medicinal materials or Chinese herbal slices in China. The consignee shall fill in the relevant information through the standard “Enterprise Qualification” subsystem of “China International Trade Singlewindow” or “Enterprise management” subsystem of “Internet + Customs” of General Administration of Customs, and submit the application materials to the customs where industrial and commercial registration locates.

 

6. Regulations for processing and storage enterprises (only applicable to animal derived Chinese medicinal materials)

Imported animal derived Chinese medicinal materials must be processed and manufactured by designated qualified processing enterprises, and can only go on sale after the qualification assessment procedure completed. For details, please refer to the List of Designated Enterprises for the Storage and Processing of Imported Animal Derived Traditional Chinese Medicine on the customs website. Processing enterprises log on to the “Internet plus + Customs” integrated online service platform( http://online.customs.gov.cn )and enter the “Recordation for the Designated Storage and Processing Enterprise of Imported Traditional Chinese Medicine” section under the column “Enterprise Management and Inspection” to fill in and submit the online application and scanned copies of the above-mentioned paper materials. After accepting the application, competent customs will review the paper recordation application materials submitted by the enterprise, organize a review team to review, and issue a review report. The competent customs shall record, number, and publish enterprises that are qualified after the evaluation. From the date of publication, the validity period is 4 years.

 

7. Designated import customs clearance port

Heilongjiang Province: Heihe, Dongning, Suifenhe, Tongjiang

Jilin Province: Ji’an, Changbai, Tumen, Sanhe, Hunchun

Inner Mongolia: Erenhot, Manzhouli

Guangxi: Pingxiang, Dongxing, Longbang, Aidian

Yunnan Province: Ruili, Tianbao, Jinghong, Hekou

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: Dzungarian Gate, Khorgos, Torugart, Khunjerab

Tibet Autonomous Region: Zhangmu, Jilong, Pulan

 

Customs declaration prompt after meeting the supervision requirements above:

1. Submit declaration materials for customs clearance

Bill of lading, packing list, invoice, trade contract, certificate of origin, plant quarantine certificate, China customs clearance form for imported medicinal materials or the permission of imported medicinal materials, health certificate (requirements for enterprises have ever processed and different port customs are different), ingredient testing report, label and translation documents, declaration elements, etc.

 

2. Declaration of intended use

For the Chinese medicinal materials declared as “medicinal”, they shall be quarantined and supervised by the customs according to the Provisions for the Supervision and Management of Entry and Exit Quarantine of Chinese Medicinal Materials, and the drug supervision and management department shall be responsible for the inspection.

For the Chinese medicinal materials declared as “edible”, that is, “homology of medicine and food, items that are both drugs and food,” they shall be quarantined and supervised according to the regulations of the General Administration of Customs on import and export food.

 

3. Conformity assessment for drug administration and quarantine

(1) The general process of the drug administration department: after the port drug supervision and administration department receives the declaration information – information verification - issue the Port Clearance for Import Drug - sampling - Provincial Drug Inspection Research Center inspect and issue the inspection report for imported medicinal materials. (Applicable to Chinese medicinal materials declared as “medicinal”)

(2) General customs process: after the port customs receives the declaration information - documents review - on-site inspection - laboratory quarantine - conformity assessment/unqualified disposal - taxation - issue Inspection and Quarantine Certificate for Entry Goods to release, etc.
According to the "Catalogue of Food Products Exported to China from Countries or Regions That Meet Evaluation and Review Requirements and Have Traditional Trade", if the country and access status are not listed, the General Administration of Chinese Customs(GACC) will conduct product risk analysis and supervision system evaluation on countries or regions that export Chinese medicinal materials to China for the first time. According to the risk analysis, assessment and review results, negotiate with the competent authorities of the exporting country or region to determine the quarantine requirements for exporting Chinese medicinal materials to China, negotiate and sign the relevant protocols, and determine the quarantine certificate.

The General Administration of Chinese Customs shall assess and review the equivalence risk of the supervision system of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the country of origin (region):

  • 01

    Sort out the relevant laws and regulations on animal and plant epidemics, veterinary health, public health, plant protection, enterprise registration management, etc. in the country or region where you are located, as well as written documents on the establishment and personnel of the competent authorities in the country or region and the implementation of laws and regulations. material;

  • 02

    Make an application. The country (region) to be exported shall submit an application for export to China to the General Administration of Chinese Customs(GACC) in writing. The General Administration of Chinese Customs initiates the access procedure and provides the proposed exporting country with a risk assessment questionnaire;

  • 03

    Organizational evaluation. The intended exporting country will reply according to the questionnaire, provide relevant technical information, the General Administration of Chinese Customs(GACC) will conduct risk assessment, and send an expert group to conduct overseas field inspections as needed;

  • 04

    The General Administration of Chinese Customs (GACC) negotiates with the competent authorities of the exporting country or region to determine the quarantine requirements for exporting Chinese medicinal materials to China based on the risk analysis, assessment and review results, negotiate and sign the relevant protocols, and determine the quarantine certificate;

  • 05

    The overseas enterprise shall register with the General Administration of Chinese Customs (GACC) in accordance with the specific requirements of the protocol, and the General Administration of Customs (GACC) will issue a list of products exported to China from countries or regions that meet the assessment and review requirements;

Our assistance includes but is not limited to:

* Assist in the official arrangement, translation of laws and regulations and consultation

* Assist in providing the mandatory requirements of China's national technical specifications, and carry out translation publicity.

* Assist overseas competent authorities in filing applications and consultations with China

* Assisting with some embassy consultations or providing advisory support

* Assist the commercial counselor to communicate and consult with domestic and foreign competent authorities and enterprises

* Assist in consultation with the General Administration of Chinese Customs (GACC) on laws and regulations

* Assisting overseas producers to comply with protocol access requirements and providing advisory support

(Our assistance and consultation are unofficial acts, and only provide regulatory collection, translation, sorting, opinions or adjustment strategies, and do not represent official expressions.)

The customs codes for imported Chinese medicinal materials are as follows:

GACC customs code for imported Chinese medicinal materials (Download)

1. How to access botanical Chinese herbal medicines in the catalog?

Answer: If the access status of plant-derived Chinese medicinal materials is "normal", the overseas enterprises in the country do not need access application; those whose access status is "allowed to import from registered enterprises" need access registration (such as access in the past two years Greece and Afghanistan exported safflower to China). If the country and access status are not listed, the General Administration of Chinese Customs (GACC) will conduct product risk analysis and regulatory system assessment for the country or region that exports Chinese medicinal materials to China for the first time, whether the overseas manufacturers need to be registered is decided by the specific requirements of the protocol.
 

2. How to access Chinese herbal medicines of animal origin in the catalog?

For animal-originated Chinese herbal medicines, if the access status is "allowed to import, and registration is gradually completed", the overseas enterprises in the country do not need access application procedure; if the access status is "allowed to import from registered enterprises", access application is required. If the country is not listed, the General Administration of Chinese Customs (GACC) will conduct product risk analysis and assessment of the supervision system for the country or region that exports Chinese medicinal materials to China for the first time, whether the overseas manufacturers need to be registered is decided by the specific requirements of the protocol.

 

3. Do animal-derived Chinese herbal medicine need to apply for an entry animal and plant quarantine license from the customs?

Answer: Yes

 

4. What are the plant-derived Chinese herbal medicine that do not need to apply for an entry animal and plant quarantine license?

Answer: According to the General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 77 of 2024 (Announcement on the Cancellation of Entry Quarantine Approval for Some Animal and Plant Products), the plant-derived Chinese herbal medicine in the following:

HS Codes Product Name CIQ Codes
1211903999 Other fresh, cold, frozen or dried plants (including certain parts of them, whether cut, crushed or ground into powder) mainly used as medicinal materials (Medicinal Smilax) 1211903999142
1211903999 Other fresh, cold, frozen or dried plants (including certain parts of them, whether cut, crushed or ground into powder) mainly used as medicines (SPATHOLOBCAULIS) 1211903999315

 

5. Do all Chinese medicinal materials imported for "medicinal use" need to be approved for import of medicinal materials?

Answer: No, if the country of origin and product access conditions are met, if the Chinese medicinal material is listed in the "Catalogue of Non-First-Time Imported Medicinal Materials", it does not need to be processed.

 

6. What are the application channels and conditions for the approval of imported medicinal materials?

Answer: When importing medicinal materials for the first time, the applicant should fill in the application form for importing medicinal materials through the information system of the State Drug Administration, and submit the following materials to the local provincial drug administration:

(1) Application form for imported medicinal materials;

(2) A photocopy of the applicant's drug production license or drug business license. If the applicant is the holder of the marketing license for proprietary Chinese medicines, a photocopy of the relevant drug approval documents shall be provided;

(3) A copy of the main body registration certificate of the exporter;

(4) A copy of the purchase contract and its notarized documents;

(5) Information on the ecological environment, resource reserves, wild or planting and breeding conditions, harvesting and primary processing in the origin of medicinal materials;

(6) Standards and sources of medicinal materials;

(7) The original identification certificate of medicinal material origin issued by an institution with the qualification for identification of animal and plant origins in China, which contains the identification basis, identification conclusion, sample pictures, appraiser, identification agency and its official seal and other information.


7. What is the sample of permission of imported medicinal materials?


8. What is the sample of customs clearance form for non-first imported medicinal materials?


 

9. What are the specific contents of the catalogue of non-first-time imported medicinal materials?

Number

Name

Origin base

Origin Place of production

1

catechu

Peeled branch, dried dry decoction of legume catechu Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.

Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar

2

American Ginseng

Dried roots of Panax quinquefolium L. of the Araliaceae plant

Canada, USA

3

Korean red ginseng

 

Steamed dry roots of the 6-year-old cultivar Panax ginseng C. A. Mey

South Korea

4

saffron

Dried stigma of Crocus sativus L., Iridaceae

Iran, Spain, Italy, Germany, France, Greece, India, Japan, Afghanistan

5

Sioux

The balsam resin exuded from the trunk of the witch hazel tree Liquidambar orientalis Mill. is processed and refined

UK, Turkey, Egypt, Indonesia

6

Frankincense

Resin exuded from the bark of Boswellia carterii Birdw. and Boswellia bhaw-dajiana Birdw. of the olive family Boswellia

Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan

7

myrrh

Dried resin of the olive plant Commiphora myrrha Engl. or Hadidin Commiphora molmol Engl.

Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia

8

dried blood

Processed resin exuded from the fruit of the palm plant Daemonorops draco Bl.

Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia

9

Agarwood

Rhizoma Aquilaria Aquilarla agallocha Roxb. Wood containing resin

Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam

10

sandalwood

Dried heartwood of the trunk of Santalum album L.

India, Indonesia, Timor-Leste, Australia

11

cloves

Dried flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.

Zanzibar, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Madagascar, Brazil

12

cumin

Dried ripe fruit of the Umbelliferae plant Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

Indonesia, India, Iran, Turkey

13

longum

Dried near-ripe or ripe ear of Piper longum L.

Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam

14

Cardamom

Dried ripe fruit of Amomum kravanh Pierre ex Gagnep. or Amomum compactum Soland ex Maton of Zingiberaceae

Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia

15

Nutmeg

Dried kernels of Myristica fragrans Houtt. of Myristica fragrans Houtt.

Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, India, Nepal

16

big belly

Dried peel of the palm plant Areca catechu L.

Indonesia, Myanmar, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Pakistan, Thailand, Philippines, Cambodia

17

big wind

Dried ripe seeds of Hydnocarpus anthelmintica Pierre

Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia

18

Western Green Fruit

Dried young fruit of the Clivia plant Terminalia chebula Retz.

India, Myanmar, Malaysia

19

myrobalan

The dried ripe fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. or Terminalia chebula Retz. var. tomentella Kurt.

India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Nepal

20

fat sea

Dried ripe seeds of Sterculia lychnophora Hance

Thailand, Vietnam

21

aloe vera

Aloe barbadensis Miller of Liliaceae, Aloe ferox Miller of Cape of Good Hope, or the dried sap of leaves of other related plants in the same genus

Curacao, Aruba, Bonaire, Kenya

22

monkey jujube

From the abomasum (the fourth stomach of a ruminant) of the goat Capra hircus, formed after the goat has eaten acacia seeds, small pieces of wood, pebbles, or other foreign objects

India

23

Cinnamon                                  

Dried bark of Lauraceae plant Cinnamomum loureiri Nees

Myanmar, Vietnam

24

Senna

Dried leaflets of the legume Cassia angustifolia Vahl or Cassia acutifolia Delile

India, Egypt, Myanmar

25

horse money

Dry ripe seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L. of the Strychnaceae plant

India, Thailand, Myanmar

26

Tianzhu yellow

Dried lumps of exudates from the culms of Poaceae Bambusa textilis McClure or Schizostachyum chinese Rendle

Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia

27

hippocampus

Dried body of Hippocampus kelloggi Jordan et Snyder, Hippocampus histrix Kaup, Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach or Hippocampus ja ponicus Kaup

Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia

28

Gecko

Dried body of the gecko gecko Gekko gecko Linnaeus

Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia

29

Korean Red Ginseng

Steamed dried roots of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey, a 6-year-old cultivar of Araliaceae

North Korea

30

Dendrobium

Fresh or dried stems of orchids Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. or Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook

Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar

31

Amomum

Dried ripe seeds and fruits of Amomum xanthioides Wall

Japan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia

32

Tsaoko                                        

Dried ripe fruit of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemaire

India

33

gallic

Dried galls on young branches of beech tree Quercus infectoria Oliv

Turkey, Iran, Greece, India

34

wooden butterfly

Dried mature seeds of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent.

Myanmar

35

Fang catecha

Rubiaceae Uncaria catechu Uncaria gambier (Hunter) Roxb. Dry decoction with leafy twigs

Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar

36

Antelope horn                           

Horns of the bovine saiga Saiga tatarica Linnaeus

Russia

37

Benzoin

Dried resin of Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib ex Hart.

Thailand, Vietnam, Laos

38

Garcinia Cambogia

Garcinia garcinia hanbyryi Hook f. resin oozing from the trunk

Thailand, India

39

female cloves

Dried near-ripe fruit of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. of the Myrtaceae plant

Zanzibar, Madagascar, Sri Lanka

40

Fairy Guangtian

Dried seeds of Hygrophila megalantha Merr.

Vietnam, Myanmar

41

betel nut

Dried ripe seeds of the palm plant Areca catechu L.

Indonesia, Myanmar, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Pakistan, Thailand, Philippines, Cambodia

42

Hu Huanglian

Dried rhizome of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell

India, Nepal

43

Tortoiseshell

Carapace (spine scales and rib scales) of the turtle Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus)

Indonesia, Philippines

44

Cassia Shi

Shells of Haliotis diversicolor Reeve, Haliotis discus hannai Ino, Haliotis ovina Gmelin, Haliotis ruber (Leach), Haliotis asinina Linnaeus or Haliotis laevigata (Donovan)

Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia

45

seal kidney

Sea lion seals Callorhinus ursinus Linnaeus. dry male external genitalia (penis and testes)

America / Canada

46

sea dragon

Syngnathus Diaohailong Solenognathus hardwickii (Gray), multi-thorn Diaohailong Syngnathus guntheri Dunker's dry body

Thailand, Indonesia

47

Asafetida

Oleoresin collected from fresh rhizomes and roots of Ferula assafoetida L. and other plants of the same genus

Iran, Afghanistan, India

48

deer whip

Dried penis and testicles of cervus sika deer Cervus nippon Temminck or red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus

New Zealand, Australia

49

deer tail

Dried tail of red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus or sika deer Cervus nippon Temminck

New Zealand, Australia

50

Natural Borneol (D-borneol)

The fresh branches and leaves of Lauraceae Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl are extracted and processed

Indonesia

51

Sophora japonica

Dried flowers and buds of the legume Sophora japonica L.

Vietnam

52

Licorice

Dried roots and rhizomes of the legume Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan

53

Ibemus

Dry bulb of Fritillaria walujewii Regel or Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk of Liliaceae

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan

54

Pangosaurus

Dried rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica Makino, Dioscorea nipponica

North Korea

55

Cistanche

Dried fleshy stems with scaly leaves of Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma or Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight

Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan

56

Guan Huangbai

Dried bark of Phellodendron amurense Rupr.

North Korea

57

Schisandra

Dried ripe fruit of the Magnoliaceae Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.

North Korea

58

Asarum

Dried roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag., Asarum sieboldii Miq. var. seoulense Nakai or Asarum sieboldii Miq.

North Korea

59

Windproof

Dried root of Umbelliferae windbreak Sposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.

Mongolia, Russia

60

Turmeric

Dried rhizomes of the ginger plant Curcuma longa L.

Indonesia, Myanmar, India

61

Cassia                                         

Dried mature seeds of the legume Cassia obtusifolia L. or Cassia tora L.

India, Nepal

62

Mao myrobalan

The dried ripe fruit of the Gentianaceae plant Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.

India, Nepal

63

Empress

Dried ripe fruit of Phyllanthus emblica L., Euphorbiaceae

India, Nepal

64

Jujube

Dried ripe fruit of the Anacardiaceae plant Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt et Hill

India, Nepal

65

Tibetan madder

Rubia family Rubia wallichiana Decne. and Tibetan Rubia R.tibetica Hook.f. and dried roots and rhizomes of several plants of the same genus

India, Nepal

66

Indian Sweater

Gentianaceae Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Flemi) Karsten dry whole herb

India, Nepal

67

Comfrey

The female body of Laccifer lacca Kerr., a lacquer, parasitizes the trunks of various plants, such as Dalbergia L. f. and Eriolaenea DC. thing

India, Nepal

68

Broad vine

Dried stems of Tinospora cordifolia (wulld) Miers or T. sinensis (Lour.) Merr.

India, Nepal

69

big stipule

Dried mature seeds of legume Caesalpinia crista L.

India, Nepal

70

white fresh skin

Dried root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.

North Korea, Russia

71

northern bean root

Dried rhizome of Menispermum dauricum DC.

North Korea

72

Psoralea

Dried ripe fruit of the legume Psoralea corylifolia L.

India, Myanmar

73

Poria

Dried sclerotia of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf

Madagascar

74

Drynariae

Dried rhizomes of Quercus Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm.

Myanmar

75

black seed

Dried mature seeds of Ranunculaceae Nigella glandulifera Freyn et Sint.

Pakistan

76

Safflower

Dried flowers of safflower Carthamus tinctorius L.

Kazakhstan

77

Mistletoe

Dry leafy stem branch of Viscum coloratum (Komar.) Nakai

Ukraine

78

Polygonatum

Dried rhizomes of Liliaceae Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl., Polygonatum sibiricum Red. or Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Nepal

79

Scutellaria

Dry root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

Russia

80

Chickweed

Dried whole plant of the legume Abus cantoniensis Hance

Myanmar

81

mustard seeds

Dried mature seeds of the cruciferous plant Sinapis alba L. or Brassica juncea (L. ) Czern. et Coss.

Mongolia

82

Honeysuckle

Dried flower buds or with first blooms of the honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Thunb.

North Korea

83

Bitter almonds                          

Dry ripe seeds of Rosaceae Prunus armeniaca L. var. ansu Maxim., Siberian apricot Prunus sibirica L., Northeastern apricot Prunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne or apricot Prunus armeniaca L.

North Korea

84

Lingzhi

Dried fruiting body of Polyporaceae fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr. ) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang

America

85

Vitex

Dried ripe fruit of the Verbena plant Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. or Vitex trifolia L.

Myanmar

86

Equisetum

Dry aerial part of the Equisetum Equisetum hyemale L.

North Korea

87

Nansha ginseng

Dried root of Adenophora tetraphylla (Thunb. ) Fisch or Adenophora stricta Miq.

North Korea

88

Gentiana                                    

Dry roots of Gentiana Gentiana macrophylla Pall., Gentiana straminea Maxim., Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. or Gentiana dahurica Fisch.

Russia

89

Cimicifuga

Dried rhizomes of Ranunculaceae Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom., Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. or Cimicifuga foetida L.

North Korea

90

pine pollen

Dried pollen of Pinus massoniana Lamb., Pinus tabulieformis Carr. or several species of the same genus

North Korea

91

Wei Lingxian

Dried roots and rhizomes of Ranunculaceae Clematis chinensis Osbeck, Clematis hexapetala Pall. or Northeast Clematis manshurica Rupr.

North Korea

92

Curcuma

Dried rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.

Myanmar

93

Polygonatum

Dried rhizomes of Polygonatum ordoratum (Mill.) Druce of Liliaceae

North Korea

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